String Handling in Python: Complete Beginner Guide

 String Handling in Python: Complete Beginner Guide

String are one of the most commonly used data types in python. Whether you're working with user input, files, or APIs, understanding string handling is essential. 

What is a String in Python?

A string is a sequence of characters enclosed in quotes. Strings are immutable i.e., cannot be changed after creation.  String can be depicted inside single quotes (' '), double quotes(" ") and Triple quotes (''' '''). Triple quotes are used for multiline string i.e. writing string in multiple lines, we can write string in multi-line with single and double string too but for that either you have to do following:

text="happy"
next="birthday"

OR

text="happy\n birthday"

both of the above code will give you same output as follows:

happy 
birthday

But with triple quote we can simply write as :
#''' This is python blogging page,
where you learn more and
grow your programming knowlege '''

Accessing Characters in a String

Python allows indexing starting from 0 and its also allow negative indexing starting from -1.

text = "Python"
print(text[0]) #P
print(text[3]) #h
print(text[-1]) #n

String Slicing

Extract parts or substring from the string itself with the help of slicing. 

text = "Python Programming"
print(text[0:6]) #Python
print(text[7:]) #Programming
print(text[:6]) #Python

String Operations

Concatenation

It is used for making two string as one string with the help of (+) concatenation. For example:

a="Hello"
b="World"
print(a+" "+b) #Hello World

Repetition

When we use multiplication sign it act as repetition i.e., that is it repeat the number of times it multiplied with.

print("Hi" * 3) #Hi Hi Hi

Common String Methods

Python provides many built-in functions for string handling.

Upper function

Converts each letter in the text into upper case. Example given as following:

text="Python programming"

print(text.upper()) #PYTHON PROGRAMMING

Lower function

Coverts each letter in the text into lower case. Example given as following

print(text.lower()) #python programming

Capitalize function

Converts first letter of sentence to capital letter. Example given as follows:

print(text.capitalize()) #Python programming

Title function

Convert first letter of each word into capital letter. Example given as follows:

print(text.title()) # Python Programming

Searching in Strings

Find function

Used to find word from the sentence .

text = "Python is powerful"

print(text.find("is")) # return index
print("Python" in text) #True

Replacing Text

Replace function

Replace function is used to replace one string from the other.

text="I love Java"
print(text.replace('java','Python')) # I love Python

Splitting and Joining

Split function

Split function is used for splitting the text from a certain symbol that you specify in the function.

text="apple,banana,orange"
fruits=text.split(",")
print(fruits) # ["apple", "banana", "orange"]

Join function

Join function is used for joining the text together with the help of connecting string you will mention in the code. For example let's take above text:

joined="-".join(fruits)
print(joined)

Removing Spaces

text="    Hello World    "

print(text.strip()) # remove space from both the side of the string
print(text.lstrip()) # remove space from left side 
print(text.rstrip())# remove space from right side

Output:
Hello World
Hello World
        Hello World

String Formatting

Old Method

name = "Astha"
print("Hello %s" % name)#Hello Astha

Modern Method(f-strings)

name="Astha"
age=22
print(f"My name is {name} and I am {age} years old")#My name is Astha and I am 22 years old 

Real-life Example

email="user@gmail.com"
if  "@gmail.com" in email:
    print("Valid Gmail account")

Practice Challenge

Try this:
  1. Count how many vowels are in a string.
  2. Reverse a string without using built-in functions





 












 

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Python Input and Output(input() & print())

 Python Input and Output(input() & print()) Introduction Just like we need clear instructions in real life to complete a task, Python programs need input from users to work correctly. In Python, we take input using the input() function , and after processing that input, we display the result as output using the print() function . In this blog, you'll learn Python Input and Output with easy examples. What is Output in Python?  Output means showing something on the screen. Python uses the print() function to display output. Example: print("Hello, world!") Output: Hello, world! Printing Multiple Values You can print multiple values in one line. Code: name = "Sundeep" age = 21 Output: Sundeep 21 Print Text with Variable Code: name = "Python" print("I am learning", name) Output: I am learning Python What is Input in Python? Input means taking data from the user. Python uses the input() function to take user input. Example: name = input(...
Read more

Python Conditional Statements(if, elif, else)

Image
 Python Conditional Statements(if, elif, else)   Introduction In real life, we take decision every day like if rain then take an umbrella, if phone battery is low then charge it, etc. Similarly, in python, conditional statement are used for decision making. In this blog, you'll learn: What conditional statements are if, elif and else What Are Conditional statements? Conditional statements allow a program to perform different action based on whether a certain condition is true or false.  Suppose if we have to find the given number is divisible from 2 or not. Python mainly uses : if  elif else   Let's take above example: Code: #find numbers divisible by two and which are not. b=13 if b%2==0:     print("b is divisible by 2") else:     print("b is not divisible by 2") Output: b is not divisible by 2 The if  Statement The if statement runs code only when the condition is true. if statement can not be written without condition....
Read more

Introduction To Database Management System

  Introduction to Database Management System In engineering and computer science, DBMS (Database Management System) is one of the most important subjects. It is not only useful for exams like GATE and placement, but also essential for real-world software development. In this blog, we will cover: What is DBMS Why DBMS is needed Advantages of DBMS Application of DBMS Everything is explained in a simple and beginner-friendly way. What Is DBMS? A database-management system (DBMS) is a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs to access those data. The primary goal of a DBMS is to provide a way to store, manage and retrieve data easily. Some other operation can also be performed on database such as adding, updating and deleting data.  Instead of storing data in files, DBMS  stores data in structured format (tables). Examples of DBMS MySQL Oracle PostgreSQL SQL Server Why Do We Need DBMS? Earlier, data was stored using file systems, which caused many problems s...
Read more